An Important TypeScript Tutorial In 2021

Introduction

This is a programming language that is designed and developed by Microsoft. It can be performed on any type of Operating System, on any browser, and any host. Here, in this TypeScript tutorial, we will get into its depth and gain more knowledge on it.

In this article let us look at:

1. Introduction to TypeScript
2. Features of TypeScript
3. Advantages of TypeScript
4. Types of TypeScript
5. TypeScript Use Case

1. Introduction to TypeScript

It adds optional static typing to the language. It was introduced in October 2012 and is the ES6 version of JavaScript having some extra features. It is object-oriented and has statistically-typed coding languages like Java or C#. It needs a compiler that will generate and compile in JavaScript files. A TypeScript is like a code that is written within a file having ‘.ts extension’.

2. Features of TypeScript

To kick off this TypeScript tutorial, given below are some of the features of TypeScript:

• ES6 Features – It includes many features of the planned ECMA Script 2015 (ES 6,7) such as interface, class, Arrow functions, and more.

• Cross-platform – It can be programmed on any Operating System like Linux, Windows, and macOS.

• Object-oriented Code – It has features like Interfaces, Modules, and Classes. Thus, object-oriented codes can be written by it for both server-side and client-side.

• Static typing and type-checking – It uses both static typing as well as type checking at a compile-time. In this way, any error can be detected at the time of writing codes without the need to run scripts.

• The Optional Static typing – In TypeScript, optional static typing is allowed while using the typing of JavaScript.

• Manipulation of DOM – Manipulation of the Document Object Model (DOM) can be done to add or remove elements using TypeScript.

3. Advantages of TypeScript

Some of the advantages of TypeScript are as follows:

• It is an easy process to learn, is fast, and can be operated on any JavaScript engine or browser.

• It is almost the same as JavaScript and uses the same semantics and syntax.

• It has features of ES6 and ES7 that can run in ES5-level JavaScript engines like Node.js. 

• It helps the backend developers to write the front-end codes in a faster manner.

• Since it works with existing JavaScript libraries and frameworks, the TypeScript code can be used in existing JavaScript code also.

• TypeScript codes can access the benefits of autocompletion, type-checking codes, and documentation using type definitions by adding the JavaScript libraries.

4. Types of TypeScript

As we proceed with the TypeScript tutorial, there can be two types of TypeScript which are classified as follows:

• Built-in – This includes string, number, boolean, null, void, and undefined.

• User-defined – This includes classes, enumerations, arrays, interfaces, and tuple.

1) Variables:

It is used for storing values which means that it acts as a container for all values be it alphabets or digits. To show a variable in the TypeScript, a colon (:) is included in the type syntax after the name of the variable and is followed by the same type. A var keyword is used to show a variable like in JavaScript.

2) Operators:

It is used to represent the functions that will be executed on the data. The different types of operators are:

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Bitwise Operators

3) Loops:

A block of code may be required to be executed many times. In that case, a loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements more than once. Loops can be named as follows:

• Definite
• For
• Indefinite

• While
• Do-While

4) Functions:

It is one of the most important functions as it is a functional programming language. They ensure that the program is maintainable, reusable, and organized into blocks. The different types of functions are:

• Named Function
• Anonymous Function
• Arrow Function
• Function Overloading

5) Strings:

It is a data type used to store text data. They are shown by double quotation marks or single quotation marks.

6) Arrays:

It is a special type of data that stores many values of different data types in a sequence using a special syntax. Array elements are identified by a special integer called the index or subscript of the element. 

7) Interfaces:

It is a structure that defines the contract in your application. It defines the syntax for the classes to follow.

8) Classes:

They are introduced so that object-oriented techniques like abstraction and encapsulation can be availed for their benefits. A class includes the following:

• Constructor
• Properties
• Methods

9) Objects:

It contains a different set of key-value pairs. The values can be functions or scalar values or an array of objects.

5. TypeScript Use Case

The process of converting an existing JavaScript to TypeScript is shown in these steps:

1. Add the ‘tsconfig.json’ file to the project.
2. Integrate it with a build tool.
3. Move all the .js files to .ts files.
4. Check for errors.
5. Use third-party JavaScript libraries.

If you have started using TypeScript recently, you can browse for TypeScript Tutorial for beginners or Best TypeScript Tutorial.

Conclusion

TypeScript is a front-end language that is becoming popular in the developers’ world. It fixes the limitations of JavaScript while all of its benefits can be kept.

For more information on tutorials like this, you can look for React TypeScript tutorial, Typescript angular js tutorial, node js with TypeScript tutorial, JavaScript TypeScript tutorial, and TypeScript Tutorials pdf.

If you are interested in learning more about software development, you can check out our holistic Master Certificate Program in Full Stack Development.

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