Kotlin Vs Java: A Comprehensive Guide For 2021

Introduction

Java has been on the market for the past 23 years, and the majority of Android apps are written in Java. So you’ve heard of Java, Android Studio, and Android. But have you heard of Kotlin, the latest Android programming language? Is there an alternative to Java? Yes, Kotlin is Google’s latest computer program for developing Android apps. Here we go with the information regarding kotlin vs java.

In this article let us look at:

1. What is Java?
2. What is Kotlin?
3. Features of Kotlin
4. Features of Java
5. History of Kotlin
6. History of Java
7. Difference Between kotlin vs java
8. Advantages and Disadvantages of Kotlin
9. Advantages of Java
10. Disadvantages of Java
11. Which Is Better?

1. What is Java?

Java is a programming language that is object-oriented. Sun Microsystems introduced it in 1995. Oracle is the owner of this business. The majority of Java components are open-source.

Java underpins a significant portion of Android applications as well as Android itself. Java will be the third most popular language on Git Hub in 2020. Developers of all types use it to create the following: Apps for Android, Web apps, Embedded systems, Big Data tools and systems, Server apps, and more are all available.

2. What is Kotlin?

Jet Brains created Kotlin to make Java coding more efficient. In 2018, Kotlin was designated as an official programming language. It is the programming language that the JVM supports. JVM is an abbreviation for Java Virtual Machine. Aside from that, Kotlin can be compiled into JavaScript and executed in browsers. Kotlin programming is possible. IDE can be used by Android developers to create cross-platform apps.

Android kotlin vs java is used to build Android apps by the majority of tech behemoths. Others are preparing to relocate. When we talk about enterprise leaders, we’re referring to organizations like Netflix, Trello, Pinterest, Uber, and Twitter are only a few examples.

3. FEATURES OF KOTLIN

• A syntax that is simple and concise
• Device of a single kind (almost)
• There is no safety.
• Functional programming and functions
• Groups of data
• Extending
• Highest level object user overloading and the Dataframe pattern

4. FEATURES OF JAVA

• Customizable Object-Oriented Quick
• Secured platform independence
• Neutral Interpretation of Robust Architectures
• High Efficiency
• Distributed Multithreaded Adaptable

5. HISTORY OF KOTLIN

JetBrains released Kotlin in 2010. They first published it in July 2011 under the name Project Kotlin. They needed a language that was succinct, elegant, expressive, and interoperable with Java, as the majority of their products, including the Intellij Idea, were built in Java. They were looking for an alternative language that would allow them to reduce the amount of boilerplate code needed while also introducing new constructs, such as higher brain functions, to allow the software more descriptive and concise. 

6. HISTORY OF JAVA

In June 1991, James Gosling launched a project called “Oak.” Gosling’s objectives were to create a virtual machine and a language with a common C-like notation but more uniformity and simplicity than C/C. Java 1.0 was the first public implementation, released in 1995. It promised “Write Once, Run Anywhere,” with free runtimes on common platforms. It was reasonably stable, and its protection was configurable, allowing server and file exposure to be controlled. 

7. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN kotlin vs java

Look At the difference between kotlin vs java:

kotlin vs java

• Kotlin incorporates object-oriented and operational programming features, while Java is restricted to object-oriented programming.
• Kotlin allows users to write their own extension functions, while Java does not.
• Implicit conversions are not available in Kotlin, but they are supported in Java.
• In Kotlin, there are no null variables or objects; however, null variables and objects are part of the Java programming language.
• Kotlin doesn’t always support static members, whereas Java will.
• Variables of a primitive type in Kotlin are objects, while variables of a primitive type in Java are not. Primitive form variables are not objects.
• Kotlin allows Lambda Expression, while Java does not.

8. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF KOTLIN

Advantages of Kotlin

• Effective and offers familiar development tooling aimed at increasing developer productivity; 
• A decent compiler; 
• Seamlessly integrated with current infrastructure (Kotlin is compatible with all Java programming languages, 
• It’s built to participating in regular with Marven and Gradle build systems, as well
• Improved run-time efficiency

Disadvantages of Kotlin

In contrast to Android Java vs Kotlin

While Kotlin and Java share many similarities, there are some differences as well. App developers simply cannot make a move if they are unfamiliar with Kotlin.

Compilation Rate- Java vs Kotlin speed

When performing incremental builds, Kotlin can be faster than Java in some cases. However, it should be noted that when it comes to clean construction, Java will still be unrivalled.

There are fewer Kotlin experts.

Despite the fact that Kotlin is extremely common among developers, there are only a few programmers working in this area. The truth about Kotlin is that developers must have in-depth knowledge of the language, but it is becoming increasingly difficult to find experienced Kotlin experts.

9. ADVANTAGES  OF JAVA

-Java seems to be an object programming language that allows us to increase the versatility and reusability of our code. We can quickly reuse the object in other programmes by using the OOPs definition.

– It also contributes to increased protection by combining data and functions into a single device that cannot be accessed by the outside world. It also helps to divide larger modules into smaller ones so that they are easier to understand.

 -By restricting the use of explicit pointers, Java eliminates security threats and risks. A pointer is a value that stores the memory address of another value that can be used to gain unauthorised access to memory. This problem is solved by eliminating the idea of pointers.

– In addition, there is a Security Manager in Android Java vs Kotlin for each program that allows us to establish class access rules.

10. DISADVANTAGES OF JAVA

• Exemplification
• Java programmes take much longer to run than C/C programmes.
• Memory
• Java programmes use more memory since they run on top of the Java Virtual Machine.
• Cost As memory and processor requirements increase so does hardware cost.
• Programming at the lowest level
• In Java, there really is no support for decreased programming, such as pointers.
• Garbage removal
• In Java, there is no way to manage garbage collection. That is, the programmer has no authority over garbage collection. Java does not have functions such as delete() and free() ().
• There are no unsigned forms. In contrast to C/C, Java does not accept unsigned int, unsigned char, and so on. In Java, furthermore, an API for unsigned lengthy and unsigned int is added (Please see this oracle doc).

11. WHICH IS BETTER?

Null protection, unchecked exceptions, property control, smart casts, and lazy loading are just a few of the benefits of Kotlin. In the race of kotlin vs java , Kotlin has several other clever features that make it a decent programming language.

CONCLUSION

We realize that clean create really only achieved once in our project, and I believe that the time it takes to compile incremental builds is more important to us than clean build. So, in terms of Kotlin vs Java Performance, Kotlin is nearly identical to Java, and yes, we can use Kotlin without thinking about compiling time.

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